{"id":65,"date":"2019-03-07T19:09:24","date_gmt":"2019-03-07T11:09:24","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-03-19T21:58:57","modified_gmt":"2024-03-19T13:58:57","slug":"http%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/?p=65","title":{"rendered":"HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. \u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u7bc7
1.1 \u4ecb\u7ecd
HTTP\u662fHyper Text Transfer Protocol\uff08\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51\u534f\u4f1a\uff08World Wide Web
Consortium\uff09\u548cInternet\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0f\u7ec4IETF\uff08Internet Engineering Task
Force\uff09\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\uff08\u4ed6\u4eec\uff09\u6700\u7ec8\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684RFC\uff0cRFC 1945\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86HTTP\/1.0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5c31\u662fRFC 2616\u3002RFC
2616\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\u666e\u904d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u2014\u2014HTTP 1.1\u3002
HTTP\u534f\u8bae<\/a>\uff08Hyper Text Transfer
Protocol\uff0c\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u4eceWWW\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f20\u8f93\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u5230\u672c\u5730\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u4f20\u9001\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u4f7f\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a
\u6b63\u786e\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u4f20\u8f93\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u8fd8\u786e\u5b9a\u4f20\u8f93\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u54ea\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u54ea\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u9996\u5148\u663e\u793a(\u5982\u6587\u672c\u5148\u4e8e\u56fe\u5f62)\u7b49\u3002
HTTP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7531\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6a21\u578b\u3002HTTP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2 \u5728TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e
HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u901a\u5e38\u627f\u8f7d\u4e8eTCP\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u627f\u8f7d\u4e8eTLS\u6216SSL\u534f\u8bae\u5c42\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684HTTPS\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a

\"1\"<\/div><\/a>
\u9ed8\u8ba4HTTP\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a80\uff0cHTTPS\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a443\u3002<\/p>\n

1.3 HTTP\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\u6a21\u578b
HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56de\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a

\"2\"<\/div><\/a>
\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528HTTP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u63a8\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n

HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fd9\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u4e0a\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

1.4 \u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b
\u4e00\u6b21HTTP\u64cd\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u6b65\uff1a
1\uff09\u9996\u5148\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5355\u51fb\u67d0\u4e2a\u8d85\u7ea7\u94fe\u63a5\uff0cHTTP\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f00\u59cb\u3002
2\uff09\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff08URL\uff09\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u662fMIME\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\u62ec\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
3\uff09\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u884c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u662fMIME\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\u62ec\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
4\uff09\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6240\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u663e\u793a\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u663e\u793a\u5c4f\u4e0a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u6b65\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u6709\u663e\u793a\u5c4f\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u7531HTTP\u81ea\u5df1\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u8981\u7528\u9f20\u6807\u70b9\u51fb\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u4fe1\u606f\u663e\u793a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

1.5 \u4f7f\u7528Wireshark\u6293TCP\u3001http\u5305
\u6253\u5f00Wireshark\uff0c\u9009e\u62e9\u5de5\u5177\u680f\u4e0a\u7684\u201cCapture\u201d->\u201cOptions\u201d\uff0c\u754c\u9762\u9009\u62e9\u5982\u56fe1\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u56fe1 \u8bbe\u7f6eCapture\u9009\u9879
\u4e00\u822c\u8bfb\u8005\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u4e0b\u62c9\u6846\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684Device\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u201cCapture Filter\u201d\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u662f\u201cHTTP TCP port\uff0880\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u4e0a\u56fe\u7684\u201cStart\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u6293\u5305\u3002

\"4\"<\/div><\/a>
\u56fe2 \u9009\u62e9Capture Filter
\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\/\/linuxeye.com\/about
\u5728\u70b9\u51fb\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5\/\/linuxeye.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/1-120601152J44231.jpg\uff0c\u6293\u5305\u5982\u56fe3\u6240\u793a\uff1a
\"5\"<\/div><\/a>
\u56fe3 \u6293\u5305<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e0a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u770b\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff08ip\u4e3a192.168.1.66\uff09\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a
1\uff09No27\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff08192.168.1.66\uff09\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08141.101.117.86\uff09\u53d1\u51fa\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u4e3aTCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4ece\u56fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4e3aSYN\uff0cseq:X \uff08x=0\uff09
2\uff09No28\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08141.101.117.86\uff09\u56de\u5e94\u4e86\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff08192.168.1.66\uff09\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e3a\uff1aSYN\uff0cACK\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6seq\uff1ay\uff08y\u4e3a0\uff09\uff0cACK\uff1ax+1\uff08\u4e3a1\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u4e3a\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1b
3\uff09No29\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff08192.168.1.66\uff09\u56de\u5e94\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08141.101.117.86\uff09\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\u3002\u4e3a\uff1aACK\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6seq\uff1ax+1\uff08\u4e3a1\uff09\uff0cACK\uff1ay+1\uff08\u4e3a1\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u4e3a\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1b
4\uff09No30\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff08192.168.1.66\uff09\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u7247HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1b
5\uff09No33\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08141.101.117.86\uff09\u786e\u8ba4\uff1b
6\uff09No34 35\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08141.101.117.86\uff09\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff1b
7\uff09No36\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff08192.168.1.66\uff09\u786e\u8ba4\uff1b
\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

1.6 \u5934\u57df
\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5934\u57df\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5192\u53f7\uff08:\uff09\u548c\u57df\u503c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u57df\u540d\u662f\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u65e0\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u57df\u503c\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u7b26\uff0c\u5934\u57df\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a\u591a\u884c\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u5904\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u6216\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u3002
\u5728\u6293\u5305\u7684\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0cNo30\u70b9\u5f00\u53ef\u770b\u5230\u5982\u56fe4\u6240\u793a\uff1a

\"HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u8be6\u89e3\"<\/div><\/a>
\u56fe4 http\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f<\/p>\n

\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5982\u56fe5\u6240\u793a\uff1a

\"7\"<\/div><\/a>
\u56fe5 http\u72b6\u6001\u54cd\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n

1.6.1 host\u5934\u57df
Host\u5934\u57df\u6307\u5b9a\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d44\u6e90\u7684Intenet\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42url\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002HTTP\/1.1\u8bf7\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u4e3b\u673a\u5934\u57df\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4ee5400\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe4\u4e2dhost\u90a3\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a
Host: linuxeye.com\\r\\n<\/p>\n

1.6.2 Referer\u5934\u57df
Referer\u5934\u57df\u5141\u8bb8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6307\u5b9a\u8bf7\u6c42uri\u7684\u6e90\u8d44\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u751f\u6210\u56de\u9000\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u767b\u9646\u3001\u4f18\u5316cache\u7b49\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u5e9f\u9664\u7684\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7531
\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u88ab\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684uri\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684uri\u5730\u5740\uff0cReferer\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\u90e8\u5206uri\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u5730\u5740\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u5730\u5740\u3002
\u5728\u56fe4\u4e2d\uff0cReferer\u884c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\uff1a
Referer: \/\/linuxeye.com\/about\\r\\n<\/p>\n

1.6.3 User-Agent\u5934\u57df
User-Agent\u5934\u57df\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u542b\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\u5728\u56fe4\u4e2d\uff0cUser-Agent\u884c

\"8\"<\/div><\/a><\/p>\n

1.6.4 Cache-Control\u5934\u57df
Cache-Control\u6307\u5b9a\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\u6216\u54cd\u5e94\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6eCache-Control\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7f13\u5b58
\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u6307\u4ee4\u5305\u62ecno-cache\u3001no-store\u3001max-age\u3001max-stale\u3001min-fresh\u3001only-if-
cached\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5305\u62ecpublic\u3001private\u3001no-cache\u3001no-store\u3001no-transform\u3001must-
revalidate\u3001proxy-revalidate\u3001max-age\u3002
\u5728\u56fe5\u4e2d\u7684\u8be5\u5934\u57df\u4e3a\uff1a
Cache-control: private, max-age=3600\\r\\n
Cache-control\u53c2\u8003\uff1ahttp:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/view\/9238254.htm<\/p>\n

1.6.5 Date\u5934\u57df
Date\u5934\u57df\u8868\u793a\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u683c\u5f0f\u7531rfc822\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cDate: Tue, 19 Feb 2013 08:02:26 GMT\u3002Date\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u793a\u4e16\u754c\u6807\u51c6\u65f6\uff0c\u6362\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5728\u7684\u65f6\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8be5\u5934\u57df\u4e3a\uff1a
Date: Tue, 19 Feb 2013 08:02:26 GMT\\r\\n<\/p>\n

1.7 HTTP\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5
1.7.1\u8fde\u63a5\uff1aConnection
\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u73af\u6d41\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002
\u5728http1.1\uff0crequest\u548creponse\u5934\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2aconnection\u7684\u5934\uff0c\u6b64header\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u5f53client\u548cserver\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u94fe\u63a5\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002
\u5728http1.1\u4e2d\uff0cclient\u548cserver\u90fd\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bf9\u65b9\u652f\u6301\u957f\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\uff0c
\u5982\u679cclient\u4f7f\u7528http1.1\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u7528\u957f\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5728header\u4e2d\u6307\u660econnection\u7684\u503c\u4e3aclose\uff1b\u5982\u679cserver\u65b9
\u4e5f\u4e0d\u60f3\u652f\u6301\u957f\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u5219\u5728response\u4e2d\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u8bf4\u660econnection\u7684\u503c\u4e3aclose\u3002\u4e0d\u8bbarequest\u8fd8\u662fresponse\u7684header
\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u503c\u4e3aclose\u7684connection\uff0c\u90fd\u8868\u660e\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684tcp\u94fe\u63a5\u5728\u5f53\u5929\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u4f1a\u88ab\u65ad\u6389\u3002\u4ee5\u540eclient\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u65b0\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b
\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684tcp\u94fe\u63a5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.2\u6d88\u606f\uff1aMessage
HTTP\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u516b\u5143\u7ec4\u5e8f\u5217\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.3\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1aRequest
\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\u62ec\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.4\u54cd\u5e94\uff1aResponse
\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\u62ecHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u72b6\u6001(\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u6210\u529f\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6ca1\u627e\u5230\u201d)\u548c\u6587\u6863\u7684MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.5\u8d44\u6e90\uff1aResource
\u7531URI\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.6\u5b9e\u4f53\uff1aEntity
\u6570\u636e\u8d44\u6e90\u6216\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u56de\u6620\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5305\u56f4\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6216\u54cd\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5305\u62ec\u5b9e\u4f53\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u672c\u8eab\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.7\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\uff1aClient
\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.8\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7406\uff1aUserAgent
\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1aServer
\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53d7\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u5bf9\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd4\u56de\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.10\u6e90\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1aOriginserver
\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u9a7b\u7559\u6216\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.11\u4ee3\u7406\uff1aProxy
\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\uff0c\u4e3a\u5176\u5b83\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u5efa\u7acb\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u6216\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u89e3\u91ca\u5e76\u4e14\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u91cd\u5199\u5b83\u3002
\u4ee3\u7406\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u7aef\u7684\u95e8\u6237\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e2e\u52a9\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u901a\u8fc7\u534f\u8bae\u5904\u7406\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.12\u7f51\u5173\uff1aGateway
\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u5b83\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u95f4\u5a92\u4ecb\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u63a5\u53d7\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c31\u597d\u8c61\u5bf9\u88ab\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u8bf4\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u6e90\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1b\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5b83\u5728\u540c\u7f51\u5173\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u3002
\u7f51\u5173\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u95e8\u6237\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5668\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b58\u53d6\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u975eHTTP\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.13\u901a\u9053\uff1aTunnel
\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff0c\u901a\u9053\u4fbf\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8eHTTP\u901a\u8baf\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u901a\u9053\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u88ab\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u9053\u4fbf\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u95e8\u6237(Portal)\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u4e2d\u4ecb(Intermediary)\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u65f6\u901a\u9053\u88ab\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

1.7.14\u7f13\u5b58\uff1aCache
\u53cd\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u534f\u8bae\u8be6\u89e3\u7bc7
2.1 HTTP\/1.0\u548cHTTP\/1.1\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83
RFC 1945\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86HTTP\/1.0\u7248\u672c\uff0cRFC 2616\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86HTTP\/1.1\u7248\u672c\u3002
\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2aRFC\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u7684\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\u3002
RFC1945\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n

http:\/\/files.blogjava.net\/amigoxie\/RFC1945\uff08HTTP\uff09\u4e2d\u6587\u7248.rar<\/p>\n

RFC2616\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n

http:\/\/files.blogjava.net\/amigoxie\/RFC2616\uff08HTTP\uff09\u4e2d\u6587\u7248.rar<\/p>\n

2.1.1\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u9762
HTTP\/1.0 \u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u80fd\u590d\u7528\u3002HTTP\/1.1 \u65b0\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0a\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u5efa\u7acb\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e4b\u4e0a\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u7528\u3002\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u8fdb\u884cTCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u4e0a\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u6536\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1.2 Host\u57df
HTTP1.1\u5728Request\u6d88\u606f\u5934\u91cc\u5934\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aHost\u57df, HTTP1.0\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

Eg\uff1a
GET \/index.html HTTP\/1.1
Host: www.fatesky.com<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u80fdHTTP1.0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5efa\u7acbTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5df2\u7ecf\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2ahost\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1.3\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u6233
(\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u5411)
\u65e0\u8bba\u662fHTTP1.0\u8fd8\u662fHTTP1.1\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u80fd\u89e3\u6790\u4e0b\u9762\u4e09\u79cddate\/time stamp\uff1a
Sun, 06 Nov 1994 08:49:37 GMT ; RFC 822, updated by RFC 1123
Sunday, 06-Nov-94 08:49:37 GMT ; RFC 850, obsoleted by RFC 1036
Sun Nov 6 08:49:37 1994 ; ANSI C\u2019s asctime() format<\/p>\n

(\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5411)
HTTP1.0\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cdasctime\u683c\u5f0f\u7684date\/time stamp\uff1b
HTTP1.1\u5219\u8981\u6c42\u53ea\u751f\u6210RFC 1123(\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd)\u683c\u5f0f\u7684date\/time stamp\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1.4\u72b6\u6001\u54cd\u5e94\u7801
\u72b6\u6001\u54cd\u5e94\u7801100 (Continue) \u72b6\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u53d1request\u6d88\u606fbody\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u7528request header\u8bd5\u63a2\u4e00\u4e0bserver\uff0c\u770bserver\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u63a5\u6536request body\uff0c\u518d\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u53d1request body\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728Request\u5934\u90e8\u4e2d\u5305\u542b
Expect: 100-continue<\/p>\n

Server\u770b\u5230\u4e4b\u540e\u5462\u5982\u679c\u56de100 (Continue) \u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c31\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1request body\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662fHTTP1.1\u624d\u6709\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\u5728HTTP\/1.1\u4e2d\u8fd8\u589e\u52a0\u4e86101\u3001203\u3001205\u7b49\u7b49\u6027\u72b6\u6001\u54cd\u5e94\u7801<\/p>\n

2.1.5\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f
HTTP1.1\u589e\u52a0\u4e86OPTIONS, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, CONNECT\u8fd9\u4e9bRequest\u65b9\u6cd5.
Method = \u201cOPTIONS\u201d ; Section 9.2
| \u201cGET\u201d ; Section 9.3
| \u201cHEAD\u201d ; Section 9.4
| \u201cPOST\u201d ; Section 9.5
| \u201cPUT\u201d ; Section 9.6
| \u201cDELETE\u201d ; Section 9.7
| \u201cTRACE\u201d ; Section 9.8
| \u201cCONNECT\u201d ; Section 9.9
| extension-method
extension-method = token<\/p>\n

2.2 HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f
2.2.1\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\u683c\u5f0f
\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a
\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c
\u901a\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u5934|\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934|\u5b9e\u4f53\u5934
CRLF(\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c)<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9
\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c\u201d\u4e3a\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c = \u65b9\u6cd5 [\u7a7a\u683c] \u8bf7\u6c42URI [\u7a7a\u683c] \u7248\u672c\u53f7 [\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c]<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

Eg1\uff1a
GET \/index.html HTTP\/1.1<\/p>\n

Eg2\uff1a
POST http:\/\/192.168.2.217:8080\/index.jsp HTTP\/1.1<\/p>\n

HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a
GET \/hello.htm HTTP\/1.1
Accept: *\/*
Accept-Language: zh-cn
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
If-Modified-Since: Wed, 17 Oct 2007 02:15:55 GMT
If-None-Match: W\/\u201d158-1192587355000\u2033
User-Agent: Mozilla\/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)
Host: 192.168.2.162:8080
Connection: Keep-Alive<\/p>\n

2.2.2\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5
HTTP\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a
GET
POST
HEAD
PUT
DELETE
OPTIONS
TRACE
CONNECT<\/p>\n

2.3 HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u6d88\u606f
2.3.1\u54cd\u5e94\u6d88\u606f\u683c\u5f0f
HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a
\u72b6\u6001\u884c
\u901a\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u5934|\u54cd\u5e94\u5934|\u5b9e\u4f53\u5934
CRLF<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9
\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u884c = \u7248\u672c\u53f7 [\u7a7a\u683c] \u72b6\u6001\u7801 [\u7a7a\u683c] \u539f\u56e0 [\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c]<\/p>\n

\u72b6\u6001\u884c\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a
Eg1\uff1a
HTTP\/1.0 200 OK<\/p>\n

Eg2\uff1a
HTTP\/1.1 400 Bad Request<\/p>\n

HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u6d88\u606f\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a
HTTP\/1.1 200 OK
ETag: W\/\u201d158-1192590101000\u2033
Last-Modified: Wed, 17 Oct 2007 03:01:41 GMT
Content-Type: text\/html
Content-Length: 158
Date: Wed, 17 Oct 2007 03:01:59 GMT
Server: Apache-Coyote\/1.1<\/p>\n

2.3.2 http\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u54cd\u5e94\u7801
2.3.2.1 1**\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6536\u5230\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u5904\u7406
100\u2014\u2014\u5ba2\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42
101\u2014\u2014\u5ba2\u6237\u8981\u6c42\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u6362HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c<\/p>\n

2.3.2.2 2**\uff1a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6210\u529f\u6536\u5230\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u3001\u63a5\u53d7
200\u2014\u2014\u4ea4\u6613\u6210\u529f
201\u2014\u2014\u63d0\u793a\u77e5\u9053\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u7684URL
202\u2014\u2014\u63a5\u53d7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3001\u4f46\u5904\u7406\u672a\u5b8c\u6210
203\u2014\u2014\u8fd4\u56de\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6216\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574
204\u2014\u2014\u8bf7\u6c42\u6536\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd4\u56de\u4fe1\u606f\u4e3a\u7a7a
205\u2014\u2014\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7406\u5fc5\u987b\u590d\u4f4d\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d4f\u89c8\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6
206\u2014\u2014\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u6237\u7684GET\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n

2.3.2.3 3**\uff1a\u5b8c\u6210\u6b64\u8bf7\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406
300\u2014\u2014\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u5728\u591a\u5904\u5f97\u5230
301\u2014\u2014\u5220\u9664\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e
302\u2014\u2014\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e
303\u2014\u2014\u5efa\u8bae\u5ba2\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4ed6URL\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f
304\u2014\u2014\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5df2\u7ecf\u6267\u884c\u4e86GET\uff0c\u4f46\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u53d8\u5316
305\u2014\u2014\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5f97\u5230
306\u2014\u2014\u524d\u4e00\u7248\u672cHTTP\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u73b0\u884c\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528
307\u2014\u2014\u7533\u660e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n

2.3.2.4 4**\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u8bed\u6cd5\u6216\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210
400\u2014\u2014\u9519\u8bef\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef
401\u2014\u2014\u672a\u6388\u6743
HTTP 401.1 \u2013 \u672a\u6388\u6743\uff1a\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25
HTTP 401.2 \u2013 \u672a\u6388\u6743\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u81f4\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25
HTTP 401.3 \u2013 ACL \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90
HTTP 401.4 \u2013 \u672a\u6388\u6743\uff1a\u6388\u6743\u88ab\u7b5b\u9009\u5668\u62d2\u7edd
HTTP 401.5 \u2013 \u672a\u6388\u6743\uff1aISAPI \u6216 CGI \u6388\u6743\u5931\u8d25<\/p>\n

402\u2014\u2014\u4fdd\u7559\u6709\u6548ChargeTo\u5934\u54cd\u5e94<\/p>\n

403\u2014\u2014\u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee
HTTP 403.1 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u7981\u6b62\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee
HTTP 403.2 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u7981\u6b62\u8bfb\u8bbf\u95ee
HTTP 403.3 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u7981\u6b62\u5199\u8bbf\u95ee
HTTP 403.4 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u8981\u6c42 SSL
HTTP 403.5 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u8981\u6c42 SSL 128
HTTP 403.6 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1aIP \u5730\u5740\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd
HTTP 403.7 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u8981\u6c42\u5ba2\u6237\u8bc1\u4e66
HTTP 403.8 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u7981\u6b62\u7ad9\u70b9\u8bbf\u95ee
HTTP 403.9 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8fc7\u591a
HTTP 403.10 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u65e0\u6548
HTTP 403.11 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\u66f4\u6539
HTTP 403.12 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u6620\u5c04\u5668\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee
HTTP 403.13 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u8bc1\u4e66\u5df2\u88ab\u540a\u9500
HTTP 403.15 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bb8\u53ef\u8fc7\u591a
HTTP 403.16 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u6216\u8005\u65e0\u6548
HTTP 403.17 \u2013 \u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u8bc1\u4e66\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u671f\u6216\u8005\u5c1a\u672a\u751f\u6548<\/p>\n

404\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u6216URl
405\u2014\u2014\u7528\u6237\u5728Request-Line\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8
406\u2014\u2014\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u9001\u7684Accept\u62d6\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee
407\u2014\u2014\u7c7b\u4f3c401\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u9996\u5148\u5728\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u6388\u6743
408\u2014\u2014\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u997f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u8bf7\u6c42
409\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u8d44\u6e90\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210
410\u2014\u2014\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u6b64\u8d44\u6e90\u4e14\u65e0\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u5730\u5740
411\u2014\u2014\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u62d2\u7edd\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684Content-Length\u5c5e\u6027\u8bf7\u6c42
412\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u9519\u8bef
413\u2014\u2014\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5927\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u5927\u5c0f
414\u2014\u2014\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90URL\u957f\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u957f\u5ea6
415\u2014\u2014\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u8bf7\u6c42\u9879\u76ee\u683c\u5f0f
416\u2014\u2014\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u5305\u542bRange\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d44\u6e90\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6ca1\u6709range\u6307\u793a\u503c\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5305\u542bIf-Range\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5
417\u2014\u2014\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u8bf7\u6c42Expect\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u671f\u671b\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u8bf7\u6c42\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n

2.3.2.5 5**\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u6548\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25
HTTP 500 \u2013 \u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9519\u8bef
HTTP 500.100 \u2013 \u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9519\u8bef \u2013 ASP \u9519\u8bef
HTTP 500-11 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5173\u95ed
HTTP 500-12 \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8
HTTP 500-13 \u2013 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u592a\u5fd9
HTTP 500-14 \u2013 \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e0\u6548
HTTP 500-15 \u2013 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8bf7\u6c42 global.asa
HTTP 501 \u2013 \u672a\u5b9e\u73b0
HTTP 502 \u2013 \u7f51\u5173\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n

2.4 \u4f7f\u7528telnet\u8fdb\u884chttp\u6d4b\u8bd5
\u5728Linux\u4e0btelnet www.baidu.com 80
\u63a5\u7740\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53d1\u9001\u5982\u4e0b\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\u8bf7\u6c42baidu\u7684\u9996\u9875\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u4e3aHTTP\/1.1\uff1a
GET \/index.html HTTP\/1.1
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u590d\u5236\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b57\u7b26\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u540e\u9700\u8981\u6309\u4e24\u4e2a\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c\u662f\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u952e\u5165\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u662fHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u662f\u786e\u8ba4\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u770b\u5230\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86200 OK\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a

\"9\"<\/div><\/a>
\u53ef\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u91c7\u7528HTTP\/1.1\u65f6\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u5c31\u65ad\u5f00\u7684\u3002\u82e5\u91c7\u7528HTTP1.0\uff0c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u7a97\u53e3\u952e\u5165\uff1a
GET \/index.html http\/1.0
\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u540e\u9a6c\u4e0a\u65ad\u5f00\u3002
\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528GET\u6216POST\u7b49\u65f6\uff0c\u5e26\u4e0a\u5934\u57df\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u952e\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a
GET \/index.html http\/1.1
connection:close
Host:www.baidu.com<\/p>\n

2.5 \u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f
\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f\u662fGET\u548cPOST.
GET\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u662f\u4ee5\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\u7531\u8bf7\u6c42URI\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42URI\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u7ec8\u8981\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002
POST\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u5411\u76ee\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u88ab\u9644\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u4f5c\u8bf7\u6c42\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u8bf7\u6c42URI\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u65b0\u5b50\u9879\uff0cPost\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0b\u5217\u529f\u80fd\uff1a
1\uff1a\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1b
2\uff1a\u5411\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u544a\u680f\u3001\u65b0\u95fb\u7ec4\u3001\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8ba8\u8bba\u7ec4\u53d1\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b
3\uff1a\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u5757\uff1b
4\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u9644\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u6570\u636e\u5e93 \u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u63cf\u8ff0\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0cGet\u662f\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u7d22\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1b\u800cPost\u662f\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8981\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5934\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

GET\u4e0ePOST\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u533a\u522b\uff1a
\uff081\uff09 \u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0cGet\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u901a\u8fc7URL\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5728URL\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff1bPOST\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728HTML HEADER\u5185\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002
\uff082\uff09 GET\u65b9\u5f0f\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u67091024\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u800cPOST\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u6b64\u9650\u5236\u3002
\uff083\uff09 \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5728\uff081\uff09\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 Get \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5730\u5740\u680f\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c Post \u4e0d\u4f1a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e2d\u6587\u6570\u636e\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u975e\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528 get\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u800c\u4e14\u5305\u542b\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd8\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 post\u4e3a\u597d\u3002
\uff084\uff09 \u5b89\u5168\u7684\u548c\u5e42\u7b49\u7684\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u800c\u975e\u4fee\u6539\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5e42\u7b49\u7684\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00 URL
\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd4\u56de\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e76\u4e0d\u50cf\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u90a3\u6837\u4e25\u683c\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0cGET
\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u5e94\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u5979\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fe1\u4ece\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u65b0\u95fb\u7ad9\u70b9\u7684\u5934\u7248\u4e0d\u65ad\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u867d\u7136\u7b2c\u4e8c
\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e00\u6279\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ecd\u7136\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u548c\u5e42\u7b49\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u603b\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002POST \u8bf7\u6c42\u5c31\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u8f7b\u677e\u4e86\u3002POST
\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4ecd\u7136\u4ee5\u65b0\u95fb\u7ad9\u70b9\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u5bf9\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7 POST
\u8bf7\u6c42\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6ce8\u89e3\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e4b\u540e\u7ad9\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\uff08\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0b\u9762\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6761\u6ce8\u89e3\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

2.6 \u8bf7\u6c42\u5934
HTTP\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
Accept\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684MIME\u7c7b\u578b\uff1b
Accept-Charset\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff1b
Accept-Encoding\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u7801\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982gzip\u3002Servlet\u80fd\u591f\u5411\u652f\u6301gzip\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7ecfgzip\u7f16\u7801\u7684HTML\u9875\u9762\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c115\u523010\u500d\u7684\u4e0b\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b
Accept-Language\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6240\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7248\u672c\u65f6\u8981\u7528\u5230\uff1b
Authorization\uff1a\u6388\u6743\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u7684WWW-Authenticate\u5934\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u4e2d\uff1b
Connection\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5982\u679cServlet\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\u201cKeep-Alive\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u770b\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fHTTP
1.1\uff08HTTP
1.1\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fdb\u884c\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u5f53\u9875\u9762\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982Applet\uff0c\u56fe\u7247\uff09\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00
\u70b9\uff0cServlet\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5e94\u7b54\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aContent-Length\u5934\uff0c\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5148\u628a\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165
ByteArrayOutputStream\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u5199\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u524d\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b83\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff1b
Content-Length\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\u6b63\u6587\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff1b
Cookie\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1b
From\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u7684email\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684Web\u5ba2\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u5b83\uff1b
Host\uff1a\u521d\u59cbURL\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff1b
If-Modified-Since\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6240\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u624d\u8fd4\u56de\u5b83\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56de304\u201cNot Modified\u201d\u5e94\u7b54\uff1b
Pragma\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u201cno-cache\u201d\u503c\u8868\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5237\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u662f\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u800c\u4e14\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u9875\u9762\u7684\u672c\u5730\u62f7\u8d1d\uff1b
Referer\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2aURL\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4ece\u8be5URL\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u9875\u9762\u51fa\u53d1\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f53\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u9875\u9762\u3002
User-Agent\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u679cServlet\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u5173\u5219\u8be5\u503c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff1b
UA-Pixels\uff0cUA-Color\uff0cUA-OS\uff0cUA-CPU\uff1a\u7531\u67d0\u4e9b\u7248\u672c\u7684IE\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6240\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5c4f\u5e55\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u989c\u8272\u6df1\u5ea6\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548cCPU\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

2.7 \u54cd\u5e94\u5934
HTTP\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a
Allow\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301\u54ea\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982GET\u3001POST\u7b49\uff09\uff1b
Content-Encoding\uff1a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff08Encode\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u89e3\u7801\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230Content-Type\u5934\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5229\u7528gzip
\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u6863\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u5730\u51cf\u5c11HTML\u6587\u6863\u7684\u4e0b\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002Java\u7684GZIPOutputStream\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884cgzip\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709Unix\u4e0a\u7684
Netscape\u548cWindows\u4e0a\u7684IE 4\u3001IE
5\u624d\u652f\u6301\u5b83\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cServlet\u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770bAccept-Encoding\u5934\uff08\u5373request.getHeader(\u201cAccept-
Encoding\u201d)\uff09\u68c0\u67e5\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301gzip\uff0c\u4e3a\u652f\u6301gzip\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7ecfgzip\u538b\u7f29\u7684HTML\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u666e\u901a\u9875\u9762\uff1b
Content-Length\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u6301\u4e45HTTP\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u624d\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5229\u7528\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u6863\u5199\u5165
ByteArrayOutputStram\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u8be5\u503c\u653e\u5165Content-Length\u5934\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7
byteArrayStream.writeTo(response.getOutputStream()\u53d1\u9001\u5185\u5bb9\uff1b
Content-Type\uff1a
\u8868\u793a\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u3002Servlet\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3atext\/plain\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3atext\/html\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5e38\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e
Content-Type\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64HttpServletResponse\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5setContentTyep\u3002
\u53ef\u5728web.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u548cMIME\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b
Date\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u7684GMT\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528setDateHeader\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5934\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8f6c\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\uff1b
Expires\uff1a\u6307\u660e\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u671f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u7f13\u5b58\u5b83\u3002
Last-Modified\uff1a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u6700\u540e\u6539\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7If-Modified-Since\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c06\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6GET\uff0c
\u53ea\u6709\u6539\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdf\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6587\u6863\u624d\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a304\uff08Not
Modified\uff09\u72b6\u6001\u3002Last-Modified\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528setDateHeader\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1b
Location\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5ba2\u6237\u5e94\u5f53\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u53bb\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u6863\u3002Location\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7HttpServletResponse\u7684sendRedirect\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u540c\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a302\uff1b
Refresh\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u540e\u5237\u65b0\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4ee5\u79d2\u8ba1\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5237\u65b0\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u6863\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7set Header(\u201cRefresh\u201d,
\u201c5; URL=http:\/\/host\/path\u201d)\u8ba9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u9875\u9762\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6eHTML\u9875\u9762HEAD\u533a\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u81ea
\u52a8\u5237\u65b0\u6216\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528CGI\u6216Servlet\u7684HTML\u7f16\u5199\u8005\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eServlet\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbe\u7f6eRefresh\u5934\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u6ce8
\u610fRefresh\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u201cN\u79d2\u4e4b\u540e\u5237\u65b0\u672c\u9875\u9762\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u6307\u5b9a\u9875\u9762\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6bcf\u9694N\u79d2\u5237\u65b0\u672c\u9875\u9762\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u6307\u5b9a\u9875\u9762\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fde\u7eed\u5237\u65b0\u8981\u6c42\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a
Refresh\u5934\uff0c\u800c\u53d1\u9001204\u72b6\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7ee7\u7eed\u5237\u65b0\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Refresh\u5934\u8fd8\u662f\u3002\u6ce8\u610fRefresh\u5934\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8eHTTP 1.1\u6b63\u5f0f\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46Netscape\u548cIE\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

2.8\u5b9e\u4f53\u5934
\u5b9e\u4f53\u5934\u7528\u5750\u5b9e\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5143\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5b9e\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b9e\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7b49\u3002
Allow\uff1aGET,POST
Content-Encoding\uff1a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff08Encode\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1agzip\uff0c\u89c1\u201c2.5 \u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u201d\uff1b
Content-Language\uff1a\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1azh-cn\uff1b
Content-Length\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u957f\u5ea6\uff0ceg\uff1a80\uff0c\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\u201c2.5\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u201d\uff1b
Content-Location\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5ba2\u6237\u5e94\u5f53\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u53bb\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.dfdf.org\/dfdf.html\uff0c\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\u201c2.5\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u201d\uff1b
Content-MD5\uff1aMD5 \u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u79cdMD5\u6458\u8981\uff0c\u7528\u4f5c\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u65b9\u90fd\u8ba1\u7b97MD5\u6458\u8981\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u65b9\u5c06\u5176\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u503c\u4e0e\u6b64\u5934\u6807\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002Eg1\uff1aContent-MD5: \u3002Eg2\uff1adfdfdfdfdfdfdff==\uff1b
Content-Range\uff1a\u968f\u90e8\u5206\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e00\u540c\u53d1\u9001\uff1b\u6807\u660e\u88ab\u63d2\u5165\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u4f4e\u4f4d\u4e0e\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282\u504f\u79fb\uff0c\u4e5f\u6807\u660e\u6b64\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u3002Eg1\uff1aContent-Range: 1001-2000\/5000\uff0ceg2\uff1abytes 2543-4532\/7898
Content-Type\uff1a\u6807\u660e\u53d1\u9001\u6216\u8005\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u3002Eg\uff1atext\/html; charset=GB2312 \u4e3b\u7c7b\u578b\/\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\uff1b
Expires\uff1a\u4e3a0\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0d\u7f13\u5b58\uff1b
Last-Modified\uff1aWEB \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u9875\u9762\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4ea7\u751f\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aLast-Modified\uff1aTue, 06 May 2008 02:42:43 GMT.<\/p>\n

2.8\u6269\u5c55\u5934
\u5728HTTP\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u518dHTTP1.1\u6b63\u5f0f\u89c4\u8303\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684HTTP\u5934\u6216\u8005\u6269\u5c55\u5934\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u4f53\u5934\u5904\u7406\u3002
\u73b0\u5728\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u90fd\u652f\u6301Cookie,Set-Cookie,Refresh\u548cContent-Disposition\u7b49\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002
Refresh\uff1a1;url=http:\/\/www.dfdf.org \/\/\u8fc71\u79d2\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b
Content-Disposition\uff1a\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5,\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\u201c2.5\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u201d\uff1b
Content-Type\uff1aWEB \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u544a\u8bc9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u81ea\u5df1\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002
eg1\uff1aContent-Type\uff1aapplication\/xml \uff1b
eg2\uff1aapplicaiton\/octet-stream\uff1b
Content-Disposition\uff1aattachment; filename=aaa.zip\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u7bc7
3.1 Cookie\u548cSession
Cookie\u548cSession\u90fd\u4e3a\u4e86\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3HTTP\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u6240\u505a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002
Session\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528Cookie\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528URL\u56de\u5199\u7684\u673a\u5236\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u7528Cookie\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684Session\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5bf9Cookie\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

3.1.1 \u4e24\u8005\u6bd4\u8f83
Cookie\u548cSession\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\uff1a
1\uff09Cookie\u5c06\u72b6\u6001\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0cSession\u5c06\u72b6\u6001\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff1b
2\uff09Cookies\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u672c\u5730\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5c0f\u6bb5\u6587\u672c\u5e76\u968f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u81f3\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002Cookie\u6700\u65e9\u5728RFC2109\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u540e\u7eedRFC2965
\u505a\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528HTTP\u5934\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001cookies\uff0c\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9bcookies\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u540c\u4e00\u670d
\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u8bf7\u6c42\u7f1a\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9bcookies\u3002Session\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728HTTP\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1b
3\uff09Session\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4e2asessionID\u6765\u533a\u5206\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u7528\u6237session\u53d8\u91cf,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7981\u7528cookie\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u7531get\u6765\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1b
4\uff09\u5c31\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6765\u8bf4\uff1a\u5f53\u4f60\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528session \u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u673a\u5b50\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2acookie\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684SESSION\u673a\u5236\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u4e9b.\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4efb\u610f\u8bfb\u53d6\u5ba2\u6237\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

3.1.2 Session\u673a\u5236
Session\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6563\u5217\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6563\u5217\u8868\uff09\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2asession\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cc\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2asession\u6807\u8bc6 \u2013 \u79f0\u4e3a
session id\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2asession id\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u4ee5\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u6b64\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7session\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u6309\u7167session id\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a
session\u68c0\u7d22\u51fa\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u5982\u679c\u68c0\u7d22\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0d\u5305\u542bsession
id\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u6b64\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2asession\u5e76\u4e14\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u6b64session\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684session id\uff0csession
id\u7684\u503c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e2\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u627e\u5230\u89c4\u5f8b\u4ee5\u4eff\u9020\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a session id\u5c06\u88ab\u5728\u672c\u6b21\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

3.1.3 \u5728J2EE\u9879\u76ee\u4e2dSession\u5931\u6548\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5
1\uff09Session\u8d85\u65f6\uff1aSession\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u4f8b\u598230\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u82e5\u572830\u5206\u949f\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5219Session\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728web.xml\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n

30 \/\/\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u5206\u949f<\/p>\n

2\uff09\u4f7f\u7528session.invalidate()\u660e\u786e\u7684\u53bb\u6389Session<\/p>\n

3.1.4 \u4e0eCookie\u76f8\u5173\u7684HTTP\u6269\u5c55\u5934
1\uff09Cookie\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684Cookie\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1b
2\uff09Set-Cookie\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6eCookie\uff1b
3\uff09Cookie2 (RFC2965)\uff09\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6307\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301Cookie\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff1b
4\uff09Set-Cookie2 (RFC2965)\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6eCookie\u3002<\/p>\n

3.1.5 Cookie\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b
\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u7528Set-Cookie\u5934\u5c06Cookie\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u56de\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u5c06\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u643a\u5e26\u5728Cookie\u5934\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u4fdd\u6301\u3002
\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a

\"10\"<\/div><\/a><\/p>\n

3.1.6 Session\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f
3.1.6.1 \u4f7f\u7528Cookie\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0
\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2aSession\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684JSESSIONID\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7Cookie\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002
\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u65b0\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c06\u5728Cookie\u5934\u4e2d\u643a\u5e26\u8fd9\u4e2aJSESSIONID\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Session\u3002
\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a

\"11\"<\/div><\/a><\/p>\n

3.1.6.2 \u4f7f\u7528URL\u56de\u663e\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0
URL\u56de\u5199\u662f\u6307\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9875\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u94fe\u63a5\u4e2d\u90fd\u643a\u5e26JSESSIONID\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u70b9\u51fb\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u90fd\u4f1a\u628aJSESSIONID\u5e26\u4f1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8f93\u5165\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8d44\u6e90\u7684url\u6765\u8bf7\u6c42\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48Session\u662f\u5339\u914d\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u3002
Tomcat\u5bf9Session\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528Cookie\u548cURL\u56de\u5199\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u652f\u6301Cookie\uff0c\u5c31\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528Cookie\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u4f7f
\u7528URL\u56de\u5199\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0Cookie\u88ab\u7981\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u4f7f\u7528URL\u56de\u5199\u3002jsp\u5f00\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u5230Session\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5bf9\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u8bb0\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528
response.encodeURL() \u3002<\/p>\n

3.2 \u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406
3.2.1\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fWeb\u7f13\u5b58
WEB\u7f13\u5b58(cache)\u4f4d\u4e8eWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002
\u7f13\u5b58\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fdd\u5b58\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982html\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f53\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u5230\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684URL\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u526f\u672c\u54cd\u5e94\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5411\u6e90\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002
HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5934\u6765\u4f7fWEB\u7f13\u5b58\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

3.2.2\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u4f18\u70b9
\u51cf\u5c11\u76f8\u5e94\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ece\u7f13\u5b58\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u79bb\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u66f4\u8fd1\uff09\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6e90\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u88ab\u76f8\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8017\u65f6\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u8ba9web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u76f8\u5e94\u66f4\u5feb\u3002
\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u6d88\u8017\uff1a\u5f53\u526f\u672c\u88ab\u91cd\u7528\u65f6\u4f1a\u51cf\u4f4e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u6d88\u8017\uff1b\u5ba2\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8282\u7701\u5e26\u5bbd\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u589e\u957f\u5e76\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

3.2.3\u4e0e\u7f13\u5b58\u76f8\u5173\u7684HTTP\u6269\u5c55\u6d88\u606f\u5934
Expires\uff1a\u6307\u793a\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u8fc7\u671f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u683c\u6797\u5a01\u6cbb\u65f6\u95f4GMT
Cache-Control\uff1a\u66f4\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5185\u5bb9
Last-Modified\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u8d44\u6e90\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4
ETag\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6821\u9a8c\u503c\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u6bb5\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u3002
Date\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65f6\u95f4
If-Modified-Since\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u540cLast-Modified\u3002
If-None-Match\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u503c\uff0c\u540cETag\u3002<\/p>\n

3.2.4\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7f13\u5b58\u751f\u6548\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u6d41\u7a0b
\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728200OK\u4e2d\u56de\u9001\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684Last-Modified\u548cETag\u5934\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c06\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728cache\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237
\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u643a\u5e26If-Modified-Since\u548cIf-None-Match\u4e24\u4e2a\u5934\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u5934\u7684\u503c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2dLast-
Modified\u548cETag\u5934\u7684\u503c\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5934\u5224\u65ad\u672c\u5730\u8d44\u6e90\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de304\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a

\"12\"<\/div><\/a><\/p>\n

3.2.5 Web\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236
HTTP\/1.1\u4e2d\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u51cf\u5c11\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u5b8c\u6574\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u524d\u8005\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u56de\u8def\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff1bHTTP\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a
\u201c\u8fc7\u671f\uff08expiration\uff09\u201d\u673a\u5236\u6765\u4e3a\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u540e\u8005\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\uff1bHTTP\u7528\u201c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff08validation\uff09\u201d\u673a\u5236\u6765\u4e3a\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u3002
HTTP\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e863\u79cd\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff1a
1\uff09Freshness\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u5e94\u6d88\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6e90\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cExpires\u56de\u5e94\u5934\u7ed9\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002Cache-Control\u4e2d\u7684max-age\u6807\u8bc6\u6307\u660e\u4e86\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u6700\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b
2\uff09Validation\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u662f\u5426\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u5e94\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aLast-Modified\u56de\u5e94\u5934\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528If-Modified-Since\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5224\u65ad\u6839\u636e\u60c5\u51b5\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1b
3\uff09Invalidation\uff1a \u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2aURL\u5173\u8054\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u540e\u8ddf\u7740POST\u3001PUT\u548cDELETE\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fc7\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3 \u65ad\u70b9\u7eed\u4f20\u548c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406
HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684GET\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u53ea\u8bf7\u6c42\u67d0\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1b
206 Partial Content \u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u54cd\u5e94\uff1b
Range \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8303\u56f4\uff1b
Content-Range \u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8303\u56f4\uff1b
\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00\u91cd\u8fde\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ea\u8bf7\u6c42\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u672a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u6574\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u65ad\u70b9\u7eed\u4f20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u5757\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d44\u6e90\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a
Eg1\uff1aRange: bytes=306302- \uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u4ece306302\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5230\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1b
Eg2\uff1aContent-Range: bytes 306302-604047\/604048\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u6307\u793a\u643a\u5e26\u7684\u662f\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7b2c306302-604047\u7684\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u5171604048\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff1b
\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u76f8\u540c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5206\u5757\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002\u4ece\u800c\u8fbe\u5230\u5feb\u901f\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6d41\u884c\u7684FlashGet\u548c\u8fc5\u96f7\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff1a
\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5de5\u5177\u5f00\u542f\u591a\u4e2a\u53d1\u51faHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1b
\u6bcf\u4e2ahttp\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ea\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d44\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1aContent-Range: bytes 20000-40000\/47000\uff1b
\u5408\u5e76\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

3.4 https\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b
3.4.1\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fhttps
HTTPS\uff08\u5168\u79f0\uff1aHypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket
Layer\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u7684HTTP\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u8bb2\u662fHTTP\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7248\u3002\u5373HTTP\u4e0b\u52a0\u5165SSL\u5c42\uff0cHTTPS\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u7840\u662fSSL\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9
\u8bf7\u770bSSL\u3002
\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a

\"13\"<\/div><\/a><\/p>\n

3.4.2 https\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406
\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u52a0\u89e3\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a
1\uff09\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a\u5bc6\u94a5\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u52a0\u5bc6\u89e3\u5bc6\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4e14\u52a0\u89e3\u5bc6\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u6709DES\u3001AES\u7b49\uff1b
2\uff09\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a\u5bc6\u94a5\u6210\u5bf9\u51fa\u73b0\uff08\u4e14\u6839\u636e\u516c\u94a5\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a8\u77e5\u79c1\u94a5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u79c1\u94a5\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a8\u77e5\u516c\u94a5\uff09\uff0c\u52a0\u5bc6\u89e3\u5bc6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u5bc6\u94a5\uff08\u516c\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u9700\u8981\u79c1\u94a5\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u79c1\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u9700\u8981\u516c\u94a5\u89e3\u5bc6\uff09\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u6709RSA\u3001DSA\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bhttps\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a

\"HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u8be6\u89e3\"<\/div><\/a>
https\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a
1\uff09\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u53ea\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\uff1b
2\uff09\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ea\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u660e\u6587\uff1b
3\uff09\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

3.5 http\u4ee3\u7406
3.5.1 http\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668
\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\u662fProxy Server\uff0c\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u4ee3\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u7528\u6237\u53bb\u53d6\u5f97\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u8bf4\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e2d\u8f6c\u7ad9\u3002
\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u4ecb\u4e8e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548cWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u5b83\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5230Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53bb\u53d6\u56de\u7f51\u9875\u800c\u662f\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0cRequest\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f1a\u5148\u9001\u5230\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7531\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u53d6\u56de\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u4f20\u9001\u7ed9\u4f60\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002
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\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff1aProxy Server(\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668)\u662fInternet\u94fe\u8def\u7ea7\u7f51\u5173\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u5f00\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e92\u8054(OSI)\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n

3.5.2 http\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd
\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
1\uff09\u7a81\u7834\u81ea\u8eabIP\u8bbf\u95ee\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u56fd\u5916\u7ad9\u70b9\u3002\u5982\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u7f51\u3001169\u7f51\u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\u8bbf\u95ee\u56fd\u5916\u7f51\u7ad9\uff1b
2\uff09\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e9b\u5355\u4f4d\u6216\u56e2\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u67d0\u5927\u5b66FTP(\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8be5\u4ee3\u7406\u5730\u5740\u5728\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95ee\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5185)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6559\u80b2\u7f51\u5185\u5730\u5740\u6bb5\u514d\u8d39\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2 \u7f51\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u5404\u7c7bFTP\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e0a\u4f20\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u7c7b\u8d44\u6599\u67e5\u8be2\u5171\u4eab\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\uff1b
3\uff09\u7a81\u7834\u4e2d\u56fd\u7535\u4fe1\u7684IP\u5c01\u9501\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7535\u4fe1\u7528\u6237\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7f51\u7ad9\u662f\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9650\u5236\u662f\u4eba\u4e3a\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u540cServe\u5bf9\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5c01\u9501\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd \u5916\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bd5\u8bd5\uff1b
4\uff09\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u5f53\u6709\u5916\u754c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u518d\u8bbf\u95ee\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c \u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7531\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u53d6\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\uff1b
5\uff09\u9690\u85cf\u771f\u5b9eIP\uff1a\u4e0a\u7f51\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9690\u85cf\u81ea\u5df1\u7684IP\uff0c\u514d\u53d7\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n

3.5.3 http\u4ee3\u7406\u56fe\u793a
http\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u56fe\u793a\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a

\"HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u8be6\u89e3\"<\/div><\/a>
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u800c\u8a00\uff0chttp\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002
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3.6 \u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0
3.6.1\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a
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\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u652f\u6301WWW\u3001FTP\u3001E-mail\u7b49\uff09\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4f46\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e3b\u673a\u53ea\u80fd\u591f\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684
\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u5f53\u8d85\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5c06\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n

3.6.2\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406
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\u76f8\u5173\u7684HTTP\u6d88\u606f\u5934\uff1aHost\u3002
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aHost: www.fatesky.com
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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. \u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u7bc71.1 \u4ecb\u7ecdHTTP\u662fHyper Text Transfer Protocol\uff08\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[462,464],"class_list":["post-65","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2","tag-http","tag-464"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=65"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3421,"href":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65\/revisions\/3421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=65"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=65"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fatesky.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=65"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}